Effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for diabetes on nicotine, food, and water intake in insulin-resistant rats

Effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for diabetes on nicotine, food, and water intake in insulin-resistant rats

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The intersectionality between diabetes medications and nicotine consumption was assessed in female and male rats.Briefly, the rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or regular diet (RD) for 4 weeks.Then separate groups received vehicle or a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ; 25 mg/kg).

Three days later, insulin resistance was assessed by measuring plasma glucose levels for 180 min following an injection of insulin (0.75 U/kg).The rats were then prepared with jugular catheters, and they were given 23 h access to nicotine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in 4 days cycles with 3 days of forced abstinence in their home cages where they consumed their respective diet.

During the IVSA sessions, operant responses for food and water and changes in body 9.5-4 igora vibrance weight were recorded.Prior to administration of the pharmacotherapies, the rats were given access to two doses of nicotine (0.015 then 0.

03 mg/kg for the remainder of the study).Then, daily injections of the pharmacotherapies were given at the onset of dark cycle (6 p.m.

) in the following order: 1) dapagliflozin (3.0 then 10.0 mg/kg), 2) insulin (0.

75 U/kg twice), and 3) bromocriptine (3.0 then 10.0 mg/kg).

The results suggest that our HFD+STZ regiment induced insulin resistance in female and male rats.Also, the HFD-fed rats displayed higher nicotine intake than RD controls, regardless of sex.Administration of insulin, but not dapagliflozin or bromocriptine, normalized sandusky file cabinet nicotine intake in HFD-fed rats to control levels.

These results have clinical implications regarding the potential efficacy of insulin to control excessive nicotine intake in persons with diabetes.